The United States and Iran have publicly threatened to strike each other’s civilian infrastructure, including hospitals, schools, and water supplies. The escalation follows a series of drone and missile exchanges that have already caused civilian casualties in the region.

Human Rights Watch warns that such attacks would violate international humanitarian law, which protects non‑combatants and essential services. The organization calls for an immediate halt to the rhetoric and urges both sides to engage in diplomatic talks aimed at de‑escalation and the protection of civilians.

Accountability demands that the U.S. and Iran examine the legality of their military strategies and ensure that any future operations comply with the principles of proportionality and distinction. Only through transparent dialogue can the cycle of retaliation be broken and justice for affected communities restored.

Source: Human Rights Watch